Essay about A Review of Saint Augustine’s Virtue and the...

A Review of Saint Augustine’s Virtue and the Human Soul In Augustine’s article â€Å"Virtue and the Human Soul,† happiness is discussed in great detail. What makes a man happy? How do we obtain this happiness and where does happiness reside? Can this happiness be lost? Augustine answers these questions by the notion of one’s â€Å"chief good.† He explains that a man’s chief good is the reason behind all happiness. If one is not happy, it is because they have not found their chief good, and therefore cannot be happy until they find it (Augustine 264-267). â€Å"Happiness is in the enjoyment of man’s chief good. Two conditions of the chief good: 1st, Nothing is better than it; 2nd, it cannot be lost against the will† (Augustine 264-267). As human†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"For no one can feel confident regarding a good which he knows can be taken from him, although he wishes to keep and cherish it. But if a man feels no confidence regarding the good which he enjoys, how can he be happy while in such fear of losing it?† (Augustine 264-267). For example, when you go to a pet shop and see all the cute puppies. You want to hold them and pet them, and it makes you so happy for that brief period. However, you know that the happiness can be taken away from you, because you don’t own the puppies, you don’t get to take them home. Ultimately, you walk away sad, and wishing you could hold on to that happiness just a little longer. It is hard to be confident in a happiness that you know can be taken away from you at any time, and it’s equally as hard to have no confidence in your happiness because you live in fear of never being happy. Augustine continues his discussion of what makes a man. The question lies in the discussion between man being of the body only, of the soul only, or both. He talks about this to determine where man’s chief good resides, and from where it is disc overed. â€Å"Man’s chief good is not the chief good of the body only, but the chief good of the soul† (Augustine 264-267). Augustine states that a person’s chief good is found in the soul and that the soul gives life to the body. The soul provides bodily pleasure, pain, strength, beauty, swiftness, etc. Without the soul, there would be noShow MoreRelatedontemporary Thinkers: Plato, Aristotle, Augustine, Aguinas Essay6220 Words   |  25 PagesHe invented a method of teaching by asking questions (the Socratic method), pioneered the search for definitions, and turned philosophy away from a study of the way things are toward a consideration of virtue and the health of the human soul. Socrates believed that to do wrong is to damage ones soul, and that this is the worst thing one can do. From this it follows that it is always worse to do wrong than to be wronged, and that one must never return wrong for wrong. He was born in Athens and livedRead MoreBeyond the Problem of Evil Essay6495 Words   |  26 Pagesstarkest terms possible, presenting Augustines approach to its solution followed by a critical analysis; second, to present an alternative approach to the questions which give rise to the problem--an approach derived in large part from Spinoza and Nietzsche; and, third, to show how this more philosophically acceptable alternative can be expressed in the categories of faith, allowing us to reappropriate the tradition *beyond the problem of evil*. PART ONE: Augustines Approach to the Problem of EvilRead MoreThe Doctrine Of The Trinity9485 Words   |  38 PagesSOCIAL MODEL â€Å"Social Trinitarianism and its Critics† by Kathryn Tanner in Rethinking Trinitarian Theology eds. Giulio Maspero and Robert J. Wozniak â€Å"The Trinity: A Model for Belonging in Contemporary Society† by Thomas J. Scirghi in The Ecumenical Review 368-386 (18 pp.) 333-342 (19 pp.) Week 6:B SOCIAL MODEL – ZIZIOULAS Communion Otherness John D. Zizioulas 99-112 (12 pp.) 155-170 (15 pp.) Week 6:C SOCIAL MODEL – LACUGNA God for Us Catherine Mowry LaCugna 1-17 (17 pp.) Read MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pages511 17 Human Resource Policies and Practices 543 18 Organizational Change and Stress Management 577 Appendix A Research in Organizational Behavior Comprehensive Cases Indexes Glindex 637 663 616 623 Contents Preface xxii 1 1 Introduction What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Importance of Interpersonal Skills 4 What Managers Do 5 Management Functions 6 †¢ Management Roles 6 †¢ Management Skills 8 †¢ Effective versus Successful Managerial Activities 8 †¢ A Review of theRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pages....................................................................................................... 5 Examples of Good Reasoning............................................................................................................. 14 Review of Major Points ....................................................................................................................... 17 Glossary .................................................................................................

Graduation Speech Cultural Diversity - 1316 Words

When I originally set out to start this project, I started out wanting to explore how books could be used to address diversity in the classroom in terms of the students’ cultural backgrounds. After spending time in my classroom, I came to the realization that investigating this question would be a challenge, due to the fact that I was only able to observe a handful of situations where students interacted with books, much less books that included aspects of culture. In my classroom, books that incorporated the various traditions and cultures around the world was a rarity, reflecting the scarcity of books in the children’s book industry. Because of this issue, I set my sights to analyzing how teachers address the students’ cultural diversity in their classroom. My observations took place at a private Quaker school situated in an urban setting in the Philadelphia area. The school is committed to seeking truth, challenging the students’ intellect, honoring differences, embracing the city, and nurturing each student’s mind, body and spirit. The observations were conducted in an early childhood education program in the classroom at their school. I was able to observe once every Wednesday morning for approximately two hours, between the times of 8:30 a.m. to 10:30 a.m. This went on for a total of seven weeks, from October 7th to November 18th. The class a part of a Pre-kindergarten classroom, referred to as â€Å"the nursery,† where there are twelve total children that are between theShow MoreRelatedGraduation Speech : Students Cultural Diversity1713 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduce better. When I originally set out to start this project, I started out wanting to explore how books could be used to address diversity in the cl assroom in terms of the students’ cultural backgrounds. After spending time in my classroom, I came to the realization that investigating this question would be a challenge, due to the fact that I was only able to observe a handful of situations where students interacted with books, much less books that included aspects of culture. In my classroomRead MoreThe Red Black by Stendhal1656 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction I was taken aback as I read the lead story of The Red Black, the University of Georgia’s student run newspaper. It was a story about hate speech that had been posted on the Facebook pages of two University groups. â€Å"Why can’t you dumb dirty n****s stop stinking up the place? Let UGA be RIGHT for good WHITE Christian students.† This had been posted onto The Black Affairs Council Facebook page. â€Å"Burn in hell f****s† was posted on the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Resource Center’sRead MoreImmigration And Refugees Should Be Allowed For Enter United States Essay978 Words   |  4 PagesShould Be Allowed To Enter United States Organization pattern: problem - solution. General purpose : The general purpose of my speech is to actuate my audience to support immigration. Specific purpose: The specific purpose of my speech is to motivate my audience to be in favor of immigration and refugees entering in the states. Primary Audience Outcomes : After my speech I want my audience to understand the problem faced by refugees and immigrants and the reason behind their leaving of their ownRead MorePersonal Statement For Tisch School Of The Arts708 Words   |  3 Pagesupheaval and growing opposition to singing, dancing and acting. Therefore, when I finally obtained a visa, I moved to the U.S. to follow my passion for acting and theater and to make it my lifetime career. Upon my arrival in the U.S., I faced a cultural shock. Although I grew up speaking English, I discovered that American English, colloquial expressions, idioms and literature were all different than what I grew up with. I wanted to apply for the MFA program at Tisch, but felt that I needed to learnRead MoreThe Human Rights Of A Kangaroo Than A Police Car Essay980 Words   |  4 Pagesexpanding world: an utter lack of diversity. For proper prospective, the 90’s show Friends was worlds more diverse than Slavens. Such is a crucial reasoning behind my initial views on human rights. As far as I could tell, not only was the entire world Caucasian, human rights were guaranteed, their ability to be harmed was never in the realm of possibility. High school changed all that. For the first time in my life, I was a minority, and consequently my cultural and global view shifted dramaticallyRead MoreLife Without Passion And Enthusiasm Scares Me809 Words   |  4 PagesThe only way to do great work is to do what you love. If you haven t found it yet, keep looking. Don t settle. warned Steve Jobs, in his Stanford commencement speech in 2005. I hear these words echo in my ears from time to time. The thought of living a life without passion and enthusiasm scares me. We all have had to do things that didn t interest us at times, but I look at each day as a new opportunity to get closer to my ultimate goal. As a kid, I enjoyed being the performer, the artistRead MoreThe Goal Through Acts Of Domestic Terrorism1291 Words   |  6 PagesMaureen, who immigrated from Montreal, Quebec in 1995 moved to the United States for personal, political, and economic reasons. She was in pursuit of a better life for herself and her family and wanted to escape the growing linguistic and cultural intolerance of Quebec society. The late 1960’s and early 1970’s in Canada was a time of political upheaval, especially in Quebec, with the rise of the separatist/ liberation movement. The Front de Liberation du Quebec (FLQ) gained popularity by expressingRead MorePresentation Of Communications With Internal And External Audiences1320 Words   |  6 Pagesfollowed by special presentation of the Dayton Public Schools summer graduates. The graduation ceremonies took about 20 minutes in which the board and the families celebrated the students achievements in friendly and loving atmosphere. After the swearing-in of the Student Senate member, Tamara Dorsey, the board members and audiences briefly welcomed her. The Dayton Education Council, Les Weller, gave inspiring speech and introduced a quick overview of the board meetings schedule, activities and eventsRead More The Individuals with Disability Education Act Policy Essay example1602 Words   |  7 Pagesmost often annually as they go from grade to g rade. IDEA recognizes autism, deaf-blindness, deafness, emotional disturbance, hearing impairment, other health impairment (i.e., attention deficit hyperactivity disorder), specific learning disability, speech or language impairment, traumatic brain injury and visual impairment. An evaluation for services under IDEA consists of procedures to determine whether a child has a disability. Encyclopedia of Educational Psychology (2008) In early 1960’s stateRead MoreDistrict Diversity Plan For The Bolivar D 1 School District2161 Words   |  9 Pages District Strategic Diversity Plan Brian Thompson Arkansas State University ELAD 7073: Summer 2015 Dr. Neal District Profile The Bolivar R-1 School District is located in Bolivar, Missouri, which is the county seat of Polk County and has an estimated population of 10,572 people as of 2014. The racial makeup of the Bolivar community, as of 2010, was 94.8% White, 1.5% African American, 0.5% Native American, 0.6% Asian, 2.5% Hispanic and 0.7% other races. The Bolivar community is

How to Make a Grilled Cheese Sandwich Free Essays

Tiayna Bradford BRADFORD 1 Mary Jo M. Keiter English 051 Oct 18, 2012 How to make a grilled cheese sandwich on an electric stove. First you need to make sure that you have all the things needed for this process. We will write a custom essay sample on How to Make a Grilled Cheese Sandwich or any similar topic only for you Order Now 1. Frying pan 2. Bread 3. Butter or Margarine 4. Butter knife 5. Cheese 6. Plate First you take out two pieces of bread and lay them on your plate. Then you open up the butter, get the butter knife; put some butter on the knife, then spread it on one side of the bread. Make sure that the side you put the butter on is the side down. The other side of the bread that is faces up; put two slices of cheese on it. After you put the cheese on it; put piece bread on it, then spread butter on that side too. When that part is done, turn the stove on number four; so that it is not up to high; or to low. Place the frying pan on the eye that you turned on. Once it gets hot put the sandwich in the pan. You can put a lid on it to make it cook faster or just leave it open. Let it cook for like two minutes and then turn it to the other side and repeat the same thing. Once you see that the bread is brown a little, you can take it out using a spactula. It is then ready to eat. How to cite How to Make a Grilled Cheese Sandwich, Essay examples

Handmade Ukulele free essay sample

â€Å"Ker plunk† was the sound my handcrafted ukulele made the first time my fingers strummed its strings. I had spent the past six months constructing this family heirloom with my grandfather. Playing the ukulele became a passion of mine at the beginning of my sophomore year. While I found learning new chords and songs to be satisfying, it just wasn’t enough. I wanted to build a ukulele with my own two hands. I enlisted the help of my paternal grandfather whose hobby is woodworking. Our hours spent working together brought me closer to my seemingly gruff grandfather and gave me a better understanding and appreciation of his attitude and personality. Expecting to build a ukulele from a cigar box or a cookie tin, I told Paw-Paw about my idea for our project. He wanted to do something much bigger and better. We were going to build nearly everything from scratch. We will write a custom essay sample on Handmade Ukulele or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page We drove for hours to a special lumberyard to choose the perfect piece of wood. I picked out a beautiful piece of maple with iridescent spots scattered throughout the wood. I would be considered by most to be a very girly-girl, so I surprised all of my family and friends and even myself when I learned to control a variety of power tools. The vibrations from the electric sander would make my arms numb and tingly for hours after I used it. The loud buzzing sound of the band saw rang in my ears. The smell of sawdust would settle into my clothes. I only had one minor accident while building the ukulele. On the last day that required a power tool, I bragged to Paw-Paw that I had not hurt myself at all during our project. I spoke too soon. I was using an electric polisher for the frets when I got too close. The polisher grabbed the small amount of hair that was hanging down and spun it into a tightly-wound knot. I had to go home with part of the polisher still attached to my head. After spending some time with a comb, I was able to loosen the knot and remove the piece of the polisher entwined in my hair. I was able to laugh at the situation even when some of my hair broke off. My only resulting injury was to my ego. Six months—that’s how long it took to build my ukulele. Beginning in the middle of a hot Texas summer and ending in an especially cold winter, Paw-Paw and I would spend hours in un-air-conditioned tool shed in his backyard. We worked hard to be able to call ourselves luthiers. While we worked, he would tell me stories from my dad’s childhood or from his own life. He told me about how he took my grandmother to their senior prom and how my dad ran his car into a ditch in high school, which my dad would never admit to me. Because my grandfather is so quiet and gruff, I felt very special hearing his stories. I knew that by building the ukulele together, I was hearing stories that I would not have heard otherwise. Our time spent togethe r led to the relationship I had always wanted with my grandfather. It was a bittersweet moment when I was finally able to string up my new ukulele after six months of hard work and patience. Our project had ended, but the excitement of a new instrument had just begun. The strings went on. I tuned it. As I set my fingers in the position for a g-chord, I looked at Paw-Paw with anticipation. â€Å"Ker plunk.† â€Å"What could have gone wrong?† Paw-Paw was thinking the same thing as he snatched up the ukulele to inspect it. I giggled nervously. Had all of our hard work been in vain? Sure, I enjoyed the process of making my ukulele, but an instrument needs to be played. â€Å"Wait!† I saw the saddle that we had forgotten to put in place sitting on the table. This important piece of wood goes in-between the bridge and the strings. I picked it up and asked, â€Å"Is this our problem?† Paw-Paw’s countenance changed from stark horror to pure relief.  "Ah, Sha!† He exclaimed, using his nickname for me. â€Å"I was getting worried there!† We slid the saddle into place, re-tuned, and I began strumming. Our work had paid off. I learned many lessons from my experience with building my ukulele, not only how to keep my hair away from the power tools. My relationship with my grandfather strengthened. And I also learned a lot about myself. For example, I can do anything I set my mind to. Hard work and diligence will get me where I want to go, more often than not. The hand-written tag inside the ukulele sums it up: â€Å"Made with blood, sweat, and love by Rebecca and Raymond.†

How Meaningful is Sustainable Development

Summary The article â€Å"GRI Reporting and Camouflaging of Corporate Unsustainability† assesses the sustainability reporting by corporate organizations with regard to the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) guidelines. The aim of the GRI sustainability guidelines outlined in the Brundtland report is to enable organizations to adhere to the principles of sustainable development (Moneva, Archel, and Correa 2006, 131).Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on How Meaningful is Sustainable Development? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, evidence indicates that organizations apply the GRI guidelines to favor their interests ignoring the social and environmental aspects of sustainable development. Thus, to assess an organization’s commitment towards sustainability or sustainable practices, the concepts of weak and strong sustainability are important. Sustainable development involves accounting and reporting of social and environmental indicators to promote measures towards sustainable development. Sustainability development and corporate social reporting (CSR) address the environmental and social effects of corporate organizations but CSR incorporates the accounting aspect of development. Therefore, both of these methods cannot report sustainability appropriately. The GRI guidelines including the Triple Bottom Line reporting, evaluate sustainability more appropriately than the other methods. The guidelines report the performance of the environmental, social, and economic (Triple Bottom Line) aspects of sustainability reporting. The GRI guidelines include the principles of unbiased organizational reporting with regard to its economic, social, and environmental performance. The principles include transparency regarding the organizational operations to earn trust of the society, inclusiveness, which entails the involvement of all the stakeholders and shareholders in decision-ma king, and audit by an external mechanism to enhance the credibility of the sustainability reports. The authors argue that, performance indicators under the GRI reporting include the eco-efficiency (economic and environmental) and the eco-justice (social and economic) aspects of sustainable development, which are unbalanced when assessed separately. Integrated indicators on the other hand, combine the two indicators giving an appropriate way for organizational reporting on sustainable development.Advertising Looking for critical writing on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Under the GRI guidelines, the economic, social, and environmental pillars of sustainability reporting are addressed separately. They recommend that, to achieve an acceptable view on sustainability reporting, which can be adopted by corporate organizations, the use of integrated indicators is important. Critique of the Arguments In the artic le, authors argue that the GRI guidelines do not provide a clear definition of sustainable development reporting, giving way to different interpretations of sustainable development by policy makers and corporate organizations. Moreover, the authors argue that, the contradictions in the interpretations of sustainable development have contributed to the biased sustainable development reporting by organizations. However, I think that inasmuch as organizations strive to issue balanced sustainability reports, the stakeholders influence the reporting. The main sustainability interests of the stakeholders such as the economic performance of the corporate organization and the future organizational challenges influence sustainability reporting. In addition, the authors argue that sustainability development should involve accounting to quantify the aspects of sustainability in economic terms. The corporate social reporting (CSR) incorporates accounting practices in addition to the social and economic aspects of sustainability. However, the authors reject the CSR as an appropriate tool for corporate sustainability reporting on the basis that it does not allow value assessment. In my opinion, the CSR in conjunction with sustainability development indicators provide an ideal method for sustainable development reporting by organizations. The authors also propose that the indicators of sustainable development under the GRI guidelines are not sufficient in ensuring a complete and unbiased reporting of the sustainability development. They suggest an integrated system of indicators that can represent the diverse aspects of sustainability.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on How Meaningful is Sustainable Development? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More I however think that sustainability reporting should involve use of the indicators that are relevant to the reporting instead of integrated indicators. Su stainable development reporting encompasses identification of the topic followed by selection of the relevant indicators (Bell and Stephen 2008, 128). The whole process should involve the use of the principles of balanced reporting such as inclusiveness, external audit, transparency, and accountability. The integrated indicators suggested by the authors involve new indicators that link the eco-efficiency and eco-justice indicators. The authors argue that companies tend to favor the eco-efficiency indicators to eco-justice ones and to promote the adoption of both of the two indicators, integrated indicators, which cut across the two indicators, are useful (Rogers, Jalal, and Boyd 2005, 213). However, considering that indicators under the eco-justice category, particularly the social aspects of sustainable development, provide challenges in expressing them in economic terms, the integrated indicators cannot be effective. The authors provide a lengthy discussion concerning the concept of sustainable development as outlined under the GRI guidelines and the contradictions in the interpretations of these guidelines by the corporate organizations. In my opinion, much of the information provided particularly on the concepts of sustainable development and GRI guidelines does not provide sufficient contribution to the main argument of the article. The GRI framework and the principles of reporting serve less to support the authors’ arguments that the current GRI guidelines deter balanced sustainable development reporting. The stakeholders, who in my opinion influence greatly the sustainable development reporting, should have been discussed more than the contents of the GRI guidelines. The shareholders influence the scope of the report and the report boundary with or without regard to the GRI guidelines giving rise to biased corporate sustainability reporting.Advertising Looking for critical writing on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The authors, in my opinion, lay so much emphasis on the indicators of sustainability reporting at the expense of other GRI reporting guidelines. The economic, social, and environmental pillars and their impact on sustainability reporting are overemphasized. In the process, the authors are able to support their argument by identifying the weaknesses in the implementation of these indicators under the GRI guidelines. The authors provide an overview of the pillars of sustainable development as provided under the GRI guidelines. They, however, go on to criticize these indicators as inadequate in the assessment of sustainability development reporting without offering alternative indicators of sustainability reporting. Moreover, the authors suggest an integrated system that involves the same indicators. This, to me, is ambiguous in the sense that the indicators, so termed as ineffective by the authors, are still valuable in sustainability reporting. Furthermore, the authors provide much l iterature to support their proposition of integrated indicators for sustainability reporting as opposed to the use of the indicators separately. Again, this argument is subjective according to my opinion because after pointing out the ineffectiveness of the current indicators in sustainability reporting, they suggest their model of an integrated system instead of providing alternative indicators. Conclusion In the recent past, globalization characterized by industrial growth has had great implications on the environment and social aspects of many countries. The three aspects of sustainable development viz. economic, social, and environmental aspects must be addressed in conjunction for countries to make significant progress towards sustainable development. In my opinion, sustainable development is meaningful both nationally and at international level because countries cannot sustain economic growth without regard to the social and environmental dimensions of sustainable development. Economic growth often has implications on the society and the environment and thus sustainable development must consider the social and environmental aspects. Reference List Bell, Simon, and Morse, Stephen. 2008. Sustainability Indicators: Measuring the  Immeasurable. London: Earth Scan Publishers. Moneva, Jose, Archel, Pablo, and Correa, Carmen. 2006. GRI and the camouflaging of Corporate Unsustainability. Accounting Forum 30, no. 2 (June): 121-137. Rogers, Peter, Jalal, Kazi, and, Boyd, John. 2005. An Introduction to Sustainable  Development. London: Glen educational foundation Inc. This critical writing on How Meaningful is Sustainable Development? was written and submitted by user Ph1ll1p to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Dangers and Risks of Flammable and Combustible Liquids and Gases

The Dangers and Risks of Flammable and Combustible Liquids and Gases Introduction The dangers and risks involved in handling flammable and combustible liquids and gases call for extra vigilance in the processes of packaging and transporting. Since harmful effects associated with careless handling are irreversible and longs of Storage Tanks Fixed roof tanks Fixed roof tanks are categorized as cone roof columns and dome roof tanks. These tanks are used for the storage of flammable liquids, and are designed with internal pressures of up to 1 bar. However, they can be used for storage of non-volatile or inflammable substances including water, pulp, and acids among others. Internal and Open-top Floating Tanks These tanks are provided with protection seals and emission control devices, which improve safety while handling flammable storage substances. Internal floating tanks are manufactured using steel, aluminum, or synthetic materials, and are easy to manufacture, erect, as well as maintain. On the other hand, external tanks are made of welded steel in ord er to sustain the high pressures from storage liquids. Other vessels Other than storage tanks, there exist other storage facilities such as container and portable storage facilities (National Fire Protection Association 11). However, only approved containers are used so as to maintain high levels of safety. Types of hazards and security measures An excellent plan for safety when using flammable liquids must feature some components, which include control of ignition sources, proper storage, fire control, as well as safe handling. Fire While proposing for security measures, one should first understand the causes of fires, and establish the best safety measures to follow. Ignition Sources Static electricity Formation of static electricity is dangerous since the tank can explode or a fire can start as a result of the electrostatic energy (â€Å"UNL: Environmental Health and Safety† 20). As such, it is important to prevent static energy from producing sparks: This requires that st orage containers are grounded or bonded to prevent sparking. Open flames As a regulation, storage areas are strictly nonsmoking zones because cigarette smoking is a source of open flame. Welding, lighting, and hot surfaces are also other sources of open flames (â€Å"UNL: Environmental Health and Safety† 32). Such activities must be a safe distance away from the operating environment of flammable liquids.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Electrical Spark On several occasions, sparks occur as a result of minor electrical faults such as short circuits, and may ignite other sources of energy. There are several sources of electrical spark generation such as in welding facilities, faulty electrical gadgets, and battery cells. As such, fire regulations stipulate that flammable liquids must be stored in airtight vessels that will protect flammable liquids from ignition. Suppression Systems Fire suppression systems are designed to control the spread of broken out fires. This minimizes on the destructive effects of fire since such fires are controlled and extinguished before they are fully grown. The following shows an example of fire suppression system for floating roof tanks. Figure 3: Fire Suppression systems Common Tank-type Hazards The following table shows the incidences of fire hazard with the use of various types of storage tanks. Figure 4: Common tank-Type Fire Hazards Overfill fires – Occur due to spillag es resulting from tank overfill. Vent Fires – Occur as a result of vent failure or blockages. Rim Seal Fires – Occur as a result of broken tank seals. Full Surface Fire – Occur due to surface ignition of storage liquids. Case Study Place: Delaware, USA. Date: July 17, 2001. Cause: Spark from maintenance work. Type: fixed roof. Losses: 8 injuries and 1 death. Outcome: Significant offsite environmental impact. Lesson Learned Intense procedures must be followed before conducting periodic maintenance works. Risk assessment should be conducted. Training and competence of personnel should be done. Elimination of flammable atmosphere should be done including isolation, purging, gas testing, as well as control of ignition sources. Adherence to minimum separation distances given in codes and standards. Adequate separation from tanks to site boundary, process equipment, loading areas, and buildings should be provided. Health hazards Many of these liquids are corrosiv e and undergo multiple reactions if exposed to other chemical components like oxidizing agents or when stored improperly. Therefore, people handling these liquids must be physically present and wear protective clothing (â€Å"Environmental Health and Safety Executive† 3). Eye contact with such liquids may result in a burning sensation, irritation and possibly eye damage (â€Å"UNL: Environmental Health and Safety† 10). Similarly, repeated exposures may result in target organ toxicity, which may result in the failure of such organs or death. Environmental hazards Spillages are a key pollution that threatens the ecosystem where the quantities are high enough. The liquids may result in chronic toxicity whereby they cause adverse effects on aquatic life when exposed in an aquatic ecosystem (â€Å"Environmental Protection Agency† 7). Improper disposal or accidental spillages are causes of soil and air pollution. General Use and Storage Considerations It is of paramou nt importance to understand that the handling of these liquids is not restricted to specialized firms or individuals. The substances are produce for use by the public, as well as other unspecialized individuals; therefore, safety regulations need to consider this factor (â€Å"UNL: Environmental Health and Safety† 22). In connection, protection from ignition sources is crucial during important processes like extraction, centrifuging, and grinding (â€Å"UNL: Environmental Health and Safety† 16). Conclusion As established, liquids are essential in the daily lives, but also pose a significant level of risk in people’s lives, as well as the environment. Therefore, it is important that all such risks are controlled so as to have a safe environment that is free from hazards associated with storage of liquids. In conclusion, liquids can be hazardous to both individuals and the environment; hence, it is necessary to take appropriate measures for preventing the creation of hazards. â€Å"Environmental protection Agency (EPA).† Release: 40 CFR 302. 116.4 (2010): n.pag. California Fire Code: Chapter 27. Web. Health and Safety Executive: Storage of Flammable Liquids 2002. Web. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA): Code 30 2006. Web. â€Å"UNL: Environmental Health and Safety.† Environmental Health and Safety 402. 472  (2000): n.pag. UNL. Web.

Development and Poverty Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Development and Poverty - Term Paper Example The concept, however, has been in existence in the West for centuries. Modernization, Westernization, and especially Industrialization are other terms people have used when discussing economic development. Although no one is sure when the concept originated, most people agree that development is closely bound up with the evolution of capitalism and the demise of feudalism.† (University of Iowa's Center for International Finance and Development) To improve the economic stability, the government of a country must aims at directing its policies in the right directions. It should endeavor to achieve some basic objectives, such as price control, increasing employment and trade opportunities. The government should strive hard to improve the civil and social infrastructure, like highways, affordable housing for its people, so that the overall economy of the country booms and its benefit is transferred to the people at grass root level. The Human Development Index (HDI) is a compound a nd complex guide to rank the countries of the world by their level of human development. It differentiates the countries into four categories, which are "very high human development", "high human development", "medium human development", and "low human development" countries. ... Poverty The unavailability of material possession, finances and basic human need such as shelter, food etc refers to the poverty of the people of a particular country. Basic human necessities, such as food, water, shelter, education, health, nutrition etc are the responsibility of the government. But when the government fails to provide its people these facilities then the people are forced to live a life of poverty. The poverty threshold or the poverty line is the minimum level of income which is required to access these basic needs. People who are not even able to access these fundamental needs are said to be living a life below the poverty line. It is estimated that about 1.7 billion people across the globe are living their lives below the poverty line. Poverty is the worst form of violence. (Mohandas Gandhi)   There are many ways of measuring the poverty of the people of a particular region. Among them are the Gini Coefficient and the Headcount Index. The Gini Coefficient was d eveloped by an Italian statistician Corrado Gini. It is a measure of the statistical dispersion and measures the inequality of a distribution. It tells how wealth is distributed in a particular region, or among the different classes living in the society. The Headcount Index gives the proportion of the people who are forced to live a life below the poverty line. If â€Å"p† people are considered to be living below the poverty line in a population of â€Å"n†, then the Headcount Index â€Å"H† can be calculated as H=p/n. To calculate the Headcount Index, the estimates of the individual economic condition and the poverty line of that particular region is required. Poverty in South America South America is a region of the world which has a very high poverty rate even